Black Tern vs Arctic Tern

In short

The Black Tern and Arctic Tern can be distinguished by their plumage and habitat preferences. Black Terns are darker and often found in freshwater wetlands, while Arctic Terns are paler and prefer marine environments.

Identification tips

1. Plumage: Look for the dark body and wings of the Black Tern in breeding season. Arctic Terns are paler with a black cap. 2. Habitat: Black Terns are more likely in freshwater wetlands; Arctic Terns in marine areas. 3. Flight: Note the erratic flight of Black Terns versus the more direct flight of Arctic Terns. 4. Vocalization: Listen for the high-pitched calls of the Arctic Tern.

Size

Both species are similar in size, but Arctic Terns have slightly longer wings and tail.

Plumage

Black Terns have a distinctive dark body and wings during breeding season, contrasting with their white underparts. Arctic Terns are mostly pale with a white body and light gray wings, featuring a black cap and red bill.

Behaviour

Black Terns exhibit a more erratic, zigzag flight pattern, reminiscent of a swallow, while Arctic Terns have a more direct flight. Both species are highly social and often seen in flocks.

Habitat

Black Terns are typically found in freshwater wetlands, especially during breeding. Arctic Terns are more associated with marine environments, particularly during migration and winter.

Voice

Arctic Terns have a distinctive, high-pitched 'kip-kip' call, while Black Terns have a softer, more subdued call.