Sand Martin vs Brown-chested Martin

In short

The Sand Martin (Riparia riparia) and Brown-chested Martin (Progne tapera) can be distinguished primarily by size, with the Brown-chested Martin being much larger. Both species have similar plumage patterns, but the Brown-chested Martin's larger size and more pronounced brown breast band are key identifiers.

Identification tips

• Size: Brown-chested Martin is much larger.
• Breast Band: Look for the more pronounced brown breast band on the Brown-chested Martin.
• Habitat: Consider the habitat; Sand Martins are often near sand or gravel quarries, while Brown-chested Martins are in open areas.
• Flight Pattern: Observe the flight pattern; Brown-chested Martins fly low and fast over open areas.

Size

The Brown-chested Martin is significantly larger than the Sand Martin.

Plumage

Both species have sandy upperparts and white underparts. However, the Brown-chested Martin has an indistinct brown breast band, which is more pronounced than any similar markings on the Sand Martin.

Behaviour

Both species forage for flying insects, but the Brown-chested Martin often flies low and fast over grassland or open water.

Habitat

The Sand Martin is typically found in colonies at sand and gravel quarries, while the Brown-chested Martin is more associated with open grasslands and water bodies.