Confused pairs
Incorrect answers between two species (undirected). With a country selected, only mix-ups from games in that country are counted, and only pairs where both species are on that country's checklist are shown.
| Species A (lower id) | Species B (higher id) | Total wrong | A was target → picked B | B was target → picked A |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bimaculated Lark Melanocorypha bimaculata | Calandra Lark Melanocorypha calandra | 2 | 2 | 0 |
| Common Shelduck Tadorna tadorna | Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Eurasian/Green-winged Teal Anas crecca | Marbled Duck Marmaronetta angustirostris | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca | European Greenfinch Chloris chloris | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Chukar Alectoris chukar | Demoiselle Crane Grus virgo | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Chukar Alectoris chukar | Red-rumped Swallow Cecropis daurica | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus | Little Ringed Plover Thinornis dubius | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis | Great Crested Grebe Podiceps cristatus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Common Swift Apus apus | Pallid Swift Apus pallidus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| European Golden Plover Pluvialis apricaria | Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| European Golden Plover Pluvialis apricaria | Eurasian Dotterel Eudromias morinellus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Greater Sand Plover Anarhynchus leschenaultii | Kentish Plover Anarhynchus alexandrinus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata | Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Great Snipe Gallinago media | Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Green Sandpiper Tringa ochropus | Dunlin Calidris alpina | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Black-winged Pratincole Glareola nordmanni | Collared Pratincole Glareola pratincola | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Collared Pratincole Glareola pratincola | Crested Lark Galerida cristata | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Black-headed Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus | Western House Martin Delichon urbicum | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Common Gull Larus canus | Armenian Gull Larus armenicus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Caspian Gull Larus cachinnans | Herring Gull Larus argentatus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Caspian Gull Larus cachinnans | Yellow-legged Gull Larus michahellis | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Herring Gull Larus argentatus | Armenian Gull Larus armenicus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Little Tern Sternula albifrons | Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| European Honey-buzzard Pernis apivorus | Crested Honey-buzzard Pernis ptilorhynchus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| European Honey-buzzard Pernis apivorus | Western Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Lesser Spotted Eagle Clanga pomarina | Black Kite Milvus migrans | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Hen Harrier Circus cyaneus | Montagu's Harrier Circus pygargus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus | Eurasian Goshawk Astur gentilis | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| American Barn Owl Tyto furcata | Long-eared Owl Asio otus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Eurasian Scops Owl Otus scops | Cyprus Scops Owl Otus cyprius | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Merops persicus | Spectacled Warbler Curruca conspicillata | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Red-footed Falcon Falco vespertinus | Eleonora's Falcon Falco eleonorae | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Red-footed Falcon Falco vespertinus | Tawny Pipit Anthus campestris | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Coal Tit Periparus ater | Great Tit Parus major | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Bar-tailed Lark Ammomanes cinctura | Greater Short-toed Lark Calandrella brachydactyla | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Bar-tailed Lark Ammomanes cinctura | Trumpeter Finch Bucanetes githagineus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Greater Short-toed Lark Calandrella brachydactyla | Calandra Lark Melanocorypha calandra | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Woodlark Lullula arborea | Redwing Turdus iliacus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Eurasian Skylark Alauda arvensis | Eurasian Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Oriental Skylark Alauda gulgula | Crested Lark Galerida cristata | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Oriental Skylark Alauda gulgula | Rock Sparrow Petronia petronia | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Zitting Cisticola Cisticola juncidis | Moustached Warbler Acrocephalus melanopogon | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Eastern Olivaceous Warbler Iduna pallida | Common Reed Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Eastern Olivaceous Warbler Iduna pallida | Semicollared Flycatcher Ficedula semitorquata | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Sedge Warbler Acrocephalus schoenobaenus | Common Reed Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| River Warbler Locustella fluviatilis | Thrush Nightingale Luscinia luscinia | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Sand Martin Riparia riparia | Eurasian Crag Martin Ptyonoprogne rupestris | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Eurasian Crag Martin Ptyonoprogne rupestris | Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Western House Martin Delichon urbicum | Red-rumped Swallow Cecropis daurica | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Wood Warbler Phylloscopus sibilatrix | Yellow-browed Warbler Phylloscopus inornatus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Eastern Bonelli's Warbler Phylloscopus orientalis | Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus | Common Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Cetti's Warbler Cettia cetti | Western Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Eurasian Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla | European Stonechat Saxicola rubicola | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Lesser Whitethroat Curruca curruca | Common Whitethroat Curruca communis | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Lesser Whitethroat Curruca curruca | Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Eastern Orphean Warbler Curruca crassirostris | Rüppell's Warbler Curruca ruppeli | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| African Desert Warbler Curruca deserti | Asian Desert Warbler Curruca nana | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Sardinian Warbler Curruca melanocephala | Spectacled Warbler Curruca conspicillata | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris | Red-throated Pipit Anthus cervinus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Mistle Thrush Turdus viscivorus | Fieldfare Turdus pilaris | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Fieldfare Turdus pilaris | Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata | Common Nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Bluethroat Luscinia svecica | Red-breasted Flycatcher Ficedula parva | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Bluethroat Luscinia svecica | Blue Rock Thrush Monticola solitarius | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| European Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca | Collared Flycatcher Ficedula albicollis | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| European Stonechat Saxicola rubicola | Siberian Stonechat Saxicola maurus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Hooded Wheatear Oenanthe monacha | Tawny Pipit Anthus campestris | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Desert Wheatear Oenanthe deserti | Kurdish Wheatear Oenanthe xanthoprymna | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Cyprus Wheatear Oenanthe cypriaca | Kurdish Wheatear Oenanthe xanthoprymna | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Pied Wheatear Oenanthe pleschanka | Finsch's Wheatear Oenanthe finschii | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Dunnock Prunella modularis | House Sparrow Passer domesticus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea | Citrine Wagtail Motacilla citreola | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Western Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava | Citrine Wagtail Motacilla citreola | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Tawny Pipit Anthus campestris | Meadow Pipit Anthus pratensis | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis | Red-throated Pipit Anthus cervinus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Water Pipit Anthus spinoletta | Buff-bellied Pipit Anthus rubescens | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Crimson-winged Finch Rhodopechys sanguineus | Trumpeter Finch Bucanetes githagineus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| European Greenfinch Chloris chloris | European Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella | Ortolan Bunting Emberiza hortulana | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Greylag Goose Anser anser | Greater White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Ortolan Bunting Emberiza hortulana | Cretzschmar's Bunting Emberiza caesia | 1 | 0 | 1 |