Confused pairs
Incorrect answers between two species (undirected). With a country selected, only mix-ups from games in that country are counted, and only pairs where both species are on that country's checklist are shown.
| Species A (lower id) | Species B (higher id) | Total wrong | A was target → picked B | B was target → picked A |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lesser Crested Tern Thalasseus bengalensis | West African Crested Tern Thalasseus albididorsalis | 3 | 1 | 2 |
| Long-tailed Skua Stercorarius longicaudus | Pomarine Skua Stercorarius pomarinus | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Iberian Grey Shrike Lanius meridionalis | Great Grey Shrike Lanius excubitor | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Carrion Crow Corvus corone | Common Raven Corvus corax | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea | Garganey Spatula querquedula | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Northern Shoveler Spatula clypeata | Mallard Anas platyrhynchos | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Eurasian/Green-winged Teal Anas crecca | Marbled Duck Marmaronetta angustirostris | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Goosander Mergus merganser | Red-breasted Merganser Mergus serrator | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Barbary Partridge Alectoris barbara | Double-spurred Spurfowl Pternistis bicalcaratus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Great Crested Grebe Podiceps cristatus | Black-necked Grebe Podiceps nigricollis | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Black-bellied Sandgrouse Pterocles orientalis | Crowned Sandgrouse Pterocles coronatus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Little Bustard Tetrax tetrax | Great Spotted Cuckoo Clamator glandarius | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola | European Golden Plover Pluvialis apricaria | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Common Ringed Plover Charadrius hiaticula | Little Ringed Plover Thinornis dubius | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata | Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Great Snipe Gallinago media | Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Great Snipe Gallinago media | Grey Phalarope Phalaropus fulicarius | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Grey Phalarope Phalaropus fulicarius | Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos | Green Sandpiper Tringa ochropus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis | Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis | Lesser Yellowlegs Tringa flavipes | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola | Common Redshank Tringa totanus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis | Greater Yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Broad-billed Sandpiper Calidris falcinellus | Temminck's Stint Calidris temminckii | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea | Dunlin Calidris alpina | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Sanderling Calidris alba | Dunlin Calidris alpina | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Dunlin Calidris alpina | Little Stint Calidris minuta | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Little Stint Calidris minuta | Semipalmated Sandpiper Calidris pusilla | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Long-tailed Skua Stercorarius longicaudus | Arctic Skua Stercorarius parasiticus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Arctic Skua Stercorarius parasiticus | Pomarine Skua Stercorarius pomarinus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Pomarine Skua Stercorarius pomarinus | Atlantic Puffin Fratercula arctica | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Atlantic Puffin Fratercula arctica | Razorbill Alca torda | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Little Gull Hydrocoloeus minutus | Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Sabine's Gull Xema sabini | Audouin's Gull Ichthyaetus audouinii | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Mediterranean Gull Ichthyaetus melanocephalus | Yellow-legged Gull Larus michahellis | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Herring Gull Larus argentatus | Yellow-legged Gull Larus michahellis | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Common Gull Larus canus | Iceland Gull Larus glaucoides | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Little Tern Sternula albifrons | Gull-billed Tern Gelochelidon nilotica | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybrida | Common Tern Sterna hirundo | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis | West African Crested Tern Thalasseus albididorsalis | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Red-throated Diver Gavia stellata | Black-throated Diver Gavia arctica | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Wilson's Storm-Petrel Oceanites oceanicus | European Storm-Petrel Hydrobates pelagicus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| European Storm-Petrel Hydrobates pelagicus | Band-rumped Storm-Petrel Hydrobates castro | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Black-capped Petrel Pterodroma hasitata | Great Shearwater Ardenna gravis | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Cory's Shearwater Calonectris diomedea | Great Shearwater Ardenna gravis | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Cory's Shearwater Calonectris diomedea | Sooty Shearwater Ardenna grisea | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Yelkouan Shearwater Puffinus yelkouan | Balearic Shearwater Puffinus mauretanicus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Yelkouan Shearwater Puffinus yelkouan | Barolo Shearwater Puffinus baroli | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Little Egret Egretta garzetta | Western Cattle-Egret Ardea ibis | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Great White Egret Ardea alba | Purple Heron Ardea purpurea | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Osprey Pandion haliaetus | Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus | European Honey-buzzard Pernis apivorus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| European Honey-buzzard Pernis apivorus | Booted Eagle Hieraaetus pennatus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus | Tawny Eagle Aquila rapax | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Booted Eagle Hieraaetus pennatus | Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Booted Eagle Hieraaetus pennatus | Long-legged Buzzard Buteo rufinus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Western Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus | Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Dark Chanting-Goshawk Melierax metabates | Hen Harrier Circus cyaneus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Red Kite Milvus milvus | Long-legged Buzzard Buteo rufinus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Little Owl Athene noctua | Maghreb Owl Strix mauritanica | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus | Marsh Owl Asio capensis | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Merops persicus | European Bee-eater Merops apiaster | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Eurasian Wryneck Jynx torquilla | Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Red-footed Falcon Falco vespertinus | Sooty Falcon Falco concolor | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Sooty Falcon Falco concolor | Eurasian Hobby Falco subbuteo | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Eurasian Hobby Falco subbuteo | Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Lanner Falcon Falco biarmicus | Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Black-crowned Tchagra Tchagra senegalus | Great Grey Shrike Lanius excubitor | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Black-crowned Tchagra Tchagra senegalus | Woodchat Shrike Lanius senator | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Temminck's Lark Eremophila bilopha | Greater Short-toed Lark Calandrella brachydactyla | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Greater Short-toed Lark Calandrella brachydactyla | Dunn's Lark Eremalauda dunni | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Desert Lark Ammomanes deserti | Dunn's Lark Eremalauda dunni | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Mediterranean Short-toed Lark Alaudala rufescens | Woodlark Lullula arborea | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Thekla's Lark Galerida theklae | Crested Lark Galerida cristata | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Melodious Warbler Hippolais polyglotta | Icterine Warbler Hippolais icterina | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Moustached Warbler Acrocephalus melanopogon | Pallas's Grasshopper Warbler Helopsaltes certhiola | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Savi's Warbler Locustella luscinioides | Plain Martin Riparia paludicola | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Eurasian Crag Martin Ptyonoprogne rupestris | Rock Martin Ptyonoprogne fuligula | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Eurasian Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla | Western Orphean Warbler Curruca hortensis | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Tristram's Warbler Curruca deserticola | Sardinian Warbler Curruca melanocephala | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Moltoni's Warbler Curruca subalpina | Western Subalpine Warbler Curruca iberiae | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Western Subalpine Warbler Curruca iberiae | Dartford Warbler Curruca undata | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Ring Ouzel Turdus torquatus | European Robin Erithacus rubecula | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Common Nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos | Bluethroat Luscinia svecica | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Bluethroat Luscinia svecica | Atlas Flycatcher Ficedula speculigera | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| European Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca | Atlas Flycatcher Ficedula speculigera | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Moussier's Redstart Phoenicurus moussieri | Common Redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Whinchat Saxicola rubetra | Atlas Wheatear Oenanthe seebohmi | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| European Stonechat Saxicola rubicola | Northern Wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Atlas Wheatear Oenanthe seebohmi | Isabelline Wheatear Oenanthe isabellina | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Isabelline Wheatear Oenanthe isabellina | Western Black-eared Wheatear Oenanthe hispanica | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Desert Wheatear Oenanthe deserti | Western Black-eared Wheatear Oenanthe hispanica | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Red-rumped Wheatear Oenanthe moesta | Black Wheatear Oenanthe leucura | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| White-crowned Wheatear Oenanthe leucopyga | Mourning Wheatear Oenanthe lugens | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Mourning Wheatear Oenanthe lugens | Alpine Accentor Prunella collaris | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| House Sparrow Passer domesticus | Rock Sparrow Petronia petronia | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis | Olive-backed Pipit Anthus hodgsoni | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis | Red-throated Pipit Anthus cervinus | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| European Serin Serinus serinus | Eurasian Siskin Spinus spinus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Rock Bunting Emberiza cia | Cirl Bunting Emberiza cirlus | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Cirl Bunting Emberiza cirlus | House Bunting Emberiza sahari | 1 | 1 | 0 |