Arctic Tern vs Common Tern

In short

The Arctic Tern and Common Tern are similar seabirds, but the Arctic Tern is distinguished by its longer tail streamers and more uniform grey underparts. The Common Tern has a shorter tail and a darker wedge on the outer primaries. Both species have red bills, but the Arctic Tern's is usually all-red, whereas the Common Tern often shows a black tip.

Identification tips

• Look for longer tail streamers in Arctic Terns.
• Check the bill: Arctic Terns have an all-red bill, while Common Terns often have a black tip.
• Observe the underwing pattern: Common Terns have a darker wedge on the outer primaries.
• Consider the location and time of year, as Arctic Terns migrate further north.

Size

Both species are similar in size, but the Arctic Tern appears slightly more delicate with longer tail streamers.

Plumage

Arctic Terns have longer tail streamers and more uniformly grey underparts. Common Terns show a darker wedge on the outer primaries and often have a black-tipped bill.

Behaviour

Both species exhibit similar foraging behavior, often seen hovering over water before diving for fish.

Habitat

Both species are found in coastal and inland water habitats, but Arctic Terns breed further north and migrate longer distances.

Voice

Vocalizations are similar, but Arctic Terns have a higher-pitched call compared to the Common Tern.