Costa's Hummingbird vs Violet-crowned Hummingbird

In short

Costa's Hummingbird and Violet-crowned Hummingbird can be differentiated by their distinct head markings and habitat preferences. Costa's has a striking purple crown and gorget, while Violet-crowned features a white throat and a violet crown. Both species may overlap in parts of Arizona, but their preferred habitats often differ.

Identification tips

• Head Markings: Look for the purple crown and gorget on Costa's Hummingbird males; Violet-crowned has a white throat and violet crown.
• Habitat: Costa's prefers desert scrub, while Violet-crowned is more often in riparian areas.
• Location: In Arizona, check the habitat type to help distinguish them.
• Behavior: Note the courtship dives and vocalizations of Costa's.
• Seasonal Movement: Be aware of local movements of Violet-crowned following blooms.

Size

Both species are similar in size, typical of small hummingbirds, but Violet-crowned may appear slightly larger due to its longer tail and bill.

Plumage

Costa's Hummingbird males have a vivid purple crown and gorget, while females are less colorful. The Violet-crowned Hummingbird is notable for its white throat and underparts, with a violet crown and green back, making it distinct from Costa's.

Behaviour

Costa's Hummingbird is known for its spectacular courtship dives and whistled vocalizations. Violet-crowned Hummingbirds are less studied but are known to follow seasonal blooms, suggesting some local movement.

Habitat

Costa's Hummingbird favors desert scrub and chaparral, often found in arid regions of California and Arizona. In contrast, Violet-crowned Hummingbirds are more associated with riparian woodlands and can be found in southeastern Arizona and northern Mexico.

Voice

Costa's Hummingbird produces distinctive whistled vocalizations during courtship displays. The vocalizations of Violet-crowned Hummingbird are less documented, but they are generally quieter.