Dunlin vs Purple Sandpiper

In short

The Dunlin and Purple Sandpiper can be distinguished by their habitat preferences and plumage. Dunlins are more often found in large flocks on mudflats and estuaries, while Purple Sandpipers prefer rocky coastlines. In winter, Dunlins are gray and nondescript, whereas Purple Sandpipers have slate to charcoal upperparts with a faint purple sheen.

Identification tips

• Habitat: Look for Dunlins on mudflats and estuaries; Purple Sandpipers prefer rocky coastlines.
• Winter Plumage: Dunlins are gray and nondescript; Purple Sandpipers have slate to charcoal upperparts with a faint purple sheen.
• Breeding Plumage: Dunlins have a black belly patch and rufous back; Purple Sandpipers have chestnut and buff highlights.
• Behavior: Dunlins are often in large flocks; Purple Sandpipers are more solitary and approachable.

Size

Both species are similar in size, but the Dunlin may appear slightly smaller and more delicate.

Plumage

In winter, Dunlins have a gray, nondescript plumage, while Purple Sandpipers show slate to charcoal upperparts with a faint purple sheen. During the breeding season, Dunlins have a distinctive black belly patch and rufous back, whereas Purple Sandpipers have chestnut, buff, and light-brown highlights.

Behaviour

Dunlins are often seen in large flocks, especially in winter, and are more active feeders on mudflats. Purple Sandpipers are more solitary or in small groups, often seen on rocky coastlines and are approachable.

Habitat

Dunlins prefer mudflats and estuaries, while Purple Sandpipers are found on rocky coastlines and are more likely to be seen in the Palearctic region during winter.

Voice

Both species are generally quiet away from breeding grounds, with no significant differences noted in their calls during non-breeding seasons.