Hen Harrier vs Northern Harrier

In short

The Hen Harrier and Northern Harrier are similar raptors with distinct regional distributions; the Hen Harrier is found in Eurasia, while the Northern Harrier is in North America. Both species are known for their low, buoyant flight and white rump patch, but they differ in plumage details and habitat preferences.

Identification tips

• White rump patch: Both species have this feature, but it's more prominent in flight.
• Facial disc: More pronounced in Northern Harriers, especially females and juveniles.
• Male plumage: Hen Harrier males are lighter gray with distinct black wingtips, while Northern Harrier males can appear darker.
• Regional distribution: Hen Harriers are in Eurasia; Northern Harriers are in North America.
• Habitat preference: Northern Harriers are often found in marshes, while Hen Harriers prefer moorlands.

Size

Both species are similar in size, with slender builds and long wings.

Plumage

Adult male Hen Harriers are pale gray with black wingtips, while Northern Harrier males are also gray but may appear slightly darker. Females and juveniles of both species are brown, but Northern Harriers often have more pronounced facial discs.

Behaviour

Both species hunt by flying low over open areas, using both sight and hearing to locate prey. Northern Harriers are more likely to be seen in loose colonies during breeding.

Habitat

Hen Harriers are found in open habitats across Eurasia, including moorlands and grasslands. Northern Harriers prefer similar open habitats in North America, such as marshes and grasslands.

Voice

Vocalizations are not a primary distinguishing feature in the field; both species have similar calls.