Little Tern vs Sandwich Tern

In short

The Little Tern and Sandwich Tern can be differentiated primarily by size and bill characteristics. Little Terns are smaller with a slender, black bill, while Sandwich Terns are larger with a thicker, black bill tipped with yellow. Both species have similar plumage but differ in size and bill markings.

Identification tips

1. Size: Note the smaller size of the Little Tern. 2. Bill: Look for the yellow-tipped bill of the Sandwich Tern. 3. Nesting Behavior: Sandwich Terns often nest in large colonies with other species. 4. Vocalization: Listen for the sharper calls of the Little Tern versus the grating calls of the Sandwich Tern.

Size

The Little Tern is significantly smaller than the Sandwich Tern, which is medium-sized among terns.

Plumage

Both species have white bodies and black caps, but the Little Tern has a more delicate appearance due to its smaller size. The Sandwich Tern's black cap extends further down the nape.

Behaviour

Both species exhibit typical tern behaviors such as diving for fish, but the Sandwich Tern often nests in larger colonies with other tern species.

Habitat

Little Terns are often found in coastal and estuarine environments, while Sandwich Terns prefer nesting in dense colonies on sandy beaches or islands, often with other seabirds.

Voice

Little Terns have a high-pitched, sharp call, whereas Sandwich Terns have a more guttural, grating call.