Red-tailed Hawk vs Rough-legged Buzzard

In short

The Red-tailed Hawk and Rough-legged Buzzard are both large, broad-winged raptors, but they can be distinguished by tail and plumage patterns. The Red-tailed Hawk typically has a distinctive red tail, while the Rough-legged Buzzard often displays a pale tail with a dark terminal band. Both species can be found in open habitats, but their ranges and behaviors differ seasonally.

Identification tips

• Look for the red tail on adult Red-tailed Hawks, especially in flight.
• Check for the pale tail with a dark band on Rough-legged Buzzards.
• Note the feathered legs of the Rough-legged Buzzard.
• Observe behavior: hovering is more typical of Rough-legged Buzzards.
• Consider habitat and season: Rough-legged Buzzards are more likely in northern open areas during winter.

Size

Both species are similar in size, with the Red-tailed Hawk being slightly bulkier.

Plumage

The Red-tailed Hawk usually has a reddish tail and a more uniform brown body, while the Rough-legged Buzzard often shows a pale tail with a dark terminal band and more variable plumage, including light and dark morphs. Rough-legged Buzzards also have feathered legs, which are a key distinguishing feature.

Behaviour

Red-tailed Hawks are often seen soaring or perched on poles and trees, while Rough-legged Buzzards are known for their hovering flight when hunting.

Habitat

Red-tailed Hawks are widespread across North America in open areas with interspersed trees, while Rough-legged Buzzards breed in arctic and subarctic regions and winter in open country of southern Canada and the northern U.S.

Voice

The Red-tailed Hawk has a distinctive, raspy scream often heard in movies, while the Rough-legged Buzzard is generally quieter and less vocal.