Ruby-throated Hummingbird vs Rufous Hummingbird

In short

The Ruby-throated Hummingbird and Rufous Hummingbird can be distinguished by their throat and back coloration, with the Ruby-throated showing a bright red throat in males and a green back, while the Rufous has a more extensive rufous coloration on the back and flanks. Both species are small and fast, but the Rufous Hummingbird is known for its aggressive behavior.

Identification tips

1. Throat color: Look for the bright ruby-red throat in male Ruby-throated Hummingbirds versus the orange-red throat of male Rufous Hummingbirds. 2. Back and flank color: Note the green back of Ruby-throated versus the rufous back and flanks of Rufous Hummingbirds. 3. Behavior: Observe aggressive behavior, more typical of Rufous Hummingbirds. 4. Geographic location: Consider the location and season, as Ruby-throated are more common in the east and Rufous in the west.

Size

Both species are similar in size, typical of small hummingbirds.

Plumage

Male Ruby-throated Hummingbirds have a distinctive iridescent ruby-red throat and a green back, while female and immature birds are more subdued with white throats. Rufous Hummingbirds, particularly males, have a striking rufous back and flanks, with a bright orange-red throat. Females and immature Rufous Hummingbirds can have green backs but retain some rufous on the flanks.

Behaviour

Rufous Hummingbirds are notably aggressive, often chasing other hummingbirds away from feeders and flowers. Ruby-throated Hummingbirds are less aggressive but still territorial around feeding areas.

Habitat

Ruby-throated Hummingbirds are typically found in eastern North America during the breeding season, favoring gardens, woodlands, and edges. Rufous Hummingbirds breed in the Pacific Northwest and migrate through the western United States, often seen in open areas and gardens.

Voice

Both species have similar high-pitched calls, but specific vocal differences are subtle and not the most reliable for field identification.