Tree Swallow vs Violet-green Swallow

In short

Tree Swallows and Violet-green Swallows are both small, aerial insectivores with iridescent plumage, but they can be distinguished by their facial markings and tail structure. Tree Swallows have a more uniform blue-green upperpart and a distinct lack of facial markings, while Violet-green Swallows feature a white patch that extends above the eye and a shorter, more squared tail.

Identification tips

1. Look for the white facial markings on the Violet-green Swallow, which extend above the eye. 2. Note the tail shape: Tree Swallows have a longer, more forked tail compared to the shorter, squared tail of the Violet-green Swallow. 3. Consider the habitat: Tree Swallows are more likely in open areas, while Violet-green Swallows prefer forested regions. 4. During the breeding season, check for nesting behavior; Tree Swallows often use nest boxes.

Size

Both species are similar in size, but the Tree Swallow tends to have a slightly longer tail.

Plumage

Tree Swallows have a glossy blue-green back with clean white underparts and lack facial markings. Violet-green Swallows also have iridescent green upperparts but are distinguished by their white cheeks and a white patch that extends above the eye, giving them a more 'masked' appearance.

Behaviour

Both species are aerial insectivores and often seen foraging in flight. Tree Swallows are more likely to use artificial nest boxes, while Violet-green Swallows often nest in natural cavities.

Habitat

Tree Swallows are more common in open areas near water across North America, while Violet-green Swallows are typically found in montane coniferous forests in the western parts of the continent.

Voice

Both species have similar calls, consisting of high-pitched chirps and twitters, making vocalization a less reliable distinguishing feature.