White-rumped Hawk vs Variable Hawk

In short

The White-rumped Hawk is best identified by its distinctive white rump and under tail coverts, contrasting with its dark plumage. The Variable Hawk, in contrast, shows significant plumage variation, but typically lacks the stark white rump of the White-rumped Hawk. Both species are medium-sized raptors, but the Variable Hawk can appear bulkier due to its variable morphs.

Identification tips

• Look for the white rump and under tail coverts on the White-rumped Hawk.
• Note the plumage variability in the Variable Hawk; it can range from light to dark morphs.
• Consider habitat: White-rumped Hawks are more forest-associated, while Variable Hawks are found in diverse open habitats.

Size

Both are medium-sized hawks, but the Variable Hawk can appear bulkier and larger depending on the morph.

Plumage

White-rumped Hawk has an all-black chest, head, wings, and back with a contrasting white rump and under tail coverts. The Variable Hawk exhibits a wide range of plumage variations, from light to dark morphs, but generally lacks the distinctive white rump.

Behaviour

Both species share similar raptor behaviors, but specific behavioral differences are not well-documented.

Habitat

White-rumped Hawk typically inhabits forested areas, while the Variable Hawk is more adaptable, found in a variety of open ecosystems, including high Andes and austral archipelagos.