Northern Harrier vs Sharp-shinned Hawk

In short

The Northern Harrier and Sharp-shinned Hawk can be distinguished by their flight style and tail shape. The Northern Harrier is known for its low, buoyant flight over open areas, while the Sharp-shinned Hawk is more agile and often seen in wooded areas. Both species have distinct plumage features that aid identification.

Identification tips

1. Look for the white rump patch on the Northern Harrier, especially in flight. 2. Observe the flight style: Northern Harriers glide low over open areas, while Sharp-shinned Hawks are fast and agile in wooded areas. 3. Note the tail shape: Northern Harriers have a longer, rounded tail, while Sharp-shinned Hawks have a squared-off tail. 4. Consider the habitat: Northern Harriers are found in open fields and marshes, whereas Sharp-shinned Hawks prefer forests. 5. Be aware of size differences: Northern Harriers are larger and more slender compared to the smaller, more compact Sharp-shinned Hawks.

Size

The Northern Harrier is larger and more slender, with a wingspan of about 40-46 inches, compared to the smaller, compact Sharp-shinned Hawk, which has a wingspan of 20-27 inches.

Plumage

The Northern Harrier has a distinctive white rump patch visible in flight and a facial disk similar to an owl's. Males are gray above and females are brown. The Sharp-shinned Hawk has a slate-gray back and rufous-barred underparts, with juveniles showing brown streaking.

Behaviour

Northern Harriers are often seen gliding low over fields and marshes, using both sight and sound to hunt. Sharp-shinned Hawks are agile fliers, often seen darting through forests in pursuit of small birds.

Habitat

Northern Harriers prefer open habitats like grasslands and marshes, while Sharp-shinned Hawks are typically found in wooded areas and forests.

Voice

Vocalizations are not a primary distinguishing feature in the field, but the Northern Harrier may give a series of 'kek-kek-kek' calls, while the Sharp-shinned Hawk's call is a high-pitched 'kik-kik-kik'.